[Ushiba, Takano, Saito]
The VCO efficiency was set to match the efficiency of the sub-laser PZT, which is 1.871 MHz/V. Under this condition, a filter was designed so that the UGF of the open-loop transfer function became 10 kHz. Since the PFD requires an input signal larger than 300 mVpp, while the actual beat signal is only about 0.2 mVpp, it may be difficult to use the PFD in practice. PLL operation was also successfully achieved using a mixer instead of the PFD. Furthermore, it was confirmed that if the beat signal fluctuation is smaller than approximately 936 kHz, lock acquisition is possible by turning on the integrator at the appropriate timing.
To match the efficiency of the VCO in Moku:Lab to that of the sub-laser PZT, the VCO efficiency was set to 1.871 MHz/V. Then, as in the previous experiment, the open-loop transfer function was measured, and the filter was adjusted so that the UGF became 10 kHz. The filter used is shown in Photo 1. According to klog:35917, resonance of the main laser PZT is observed above 80 kHz, and the resonance frequency of the sub-laser PZT is expected to be similar. Therefore, setting the UGF to 10 kHz is considered sufficiently safe. In addition, the PFD requires an input signal larger than 300 mVpp, whereas the current PLL beat signal (klog:36919) is only about 0.2 mVpp. Since amplification by more than a factor of 1000 would be required, the PFD is not suitable for use in the PLL system.
When a mixer was used instead of the PFD, the filter was designed in the same manner as for the PFD case, and PLL operation with a UGF of 10 kHz was successfully achieved. Furthermore, because the frequency of the actual beat signal fluctuates, an additional signal with an amplitude of 500 mVpp and a frequency of 100 mHz was applied to verify whether PLL operation could still be maintained under frequency fluctuations. This corresponds to a fluctuation of approximately 936 kHz. If the same filter used for the non-fluctuating case was applied directly, oscillation occurred. Therefore, one of the two integrators was turned off, and lock acquisition was achieved by turning the integrator on when the error signal frequency became sufficiently low.
[Kimura, Yasui and M. Takahashi]
On May 27 as part of maintenance work on the cryogenic cooling units, we set up two valve units for the radiation shield cryo-coolers (EYC P-53 and EYC P-55).
We also replace adosorver and filter units in the EYC P-53 and EXC P-55 helium compressoers.
The remaining tasks are filling the system with G-1 class helium gas up to 15 bar and performing leak tests on all connections.
[Ikeda, Nakagaki, Oshino, YamaT]
K1IOO1 was able to be launched properly with a spare 100m fiber laid on the floor.
So, we finally concluded that malfunction and/or aging of a HIB cable is a cause.
Because the contact cleaner of cable terminals didn’t fix this problem, we plan to lay a new HIB cable between the server room and the IOO1 rack.
----
Preparation status of a recovery work:
Prospect of recovery
I expect 0.5~1 day for cabling work except at heights. It’s now still unclear when the technical staffs will be available and the aerial work platform can be used, but even if we can do so Thursday afternoon or Friday morning, it will likely take at least until the end of Friday or around noon on Monday.
Consideration about temporary measures until full restoration:
k1shutter (shutter control for main IR), k1alsfib (fiber noise cancelation) and k1psliss don't work at all now. So the shutter cannot be opened now. And also, according to Ushiba-kun, green lasers cannot be aligned because the offsets of the woofer PZTs from DAC are dead.
IR laser shutter can be opened by the local operation mode of the laser shutter circuit. Though a shutter operation remotely via EPICS cannot be done in this mode, IMC lock can be recovered. (Thanks to the hardware interlock, there should be no concern about laser safety). We can also change the output power from PSL room via HWP, so we can use main IR beam for some purposes by this operation. But I'm not sure the stability and noise level because ISS is still unavailable.
Regarding the PZT offset, we can use the 75V output from the Thorlabs(?) PZT driver instead of the 5V output from the DAC. (In my understanding, we normally use 5V offset output from DAC without any offset output from PZT driver.) Fine and remote alignment cannot be available, but rough alignment of green lasers should come back.
[Abe, Tanaka, Hasegawa, Fujimoto, Saito]
To use in the PLL system, we verified the output signal of a Phase Frequency Discriminator (PFD) built by Nishino-san and brought from Mitaka. A PLL test was performed using Moku:Go and Moku:Lab. In addition, the open-loop transfer function was measured.
[Ushiba, Takano, Saito]
The VCO efficiency was set to match the efficiency of the sub-laser PZT, which is 1.871 MHz/V. Under this condition, a filter was designed so that the UGF of the open-loop transfer function became 10 kHz. Since the PFD requires an input signal larger than 300 mVpp, while the actual beat signal is only about 0.2 mVpp, it may be difficult to use the PFD in practice. PLL operation was also successfully achieved using a mixer instead of the PFD. Furthermore, it was confirmed that if the beat signal fluctuation is smaller than approximately 936 kHz, lock acquisition is possible by turning on the integrator at the appropriate timing.
To match the efficiency of the VCO in Moku:Lab to that of the sub-laser PZT, the VCO efficiency was set to 1.871 MHz/V. Then, as in the previous experiment, the open-loop transfer function was measured, and the filter was adjusted so that the UGF became 10 kHz. The filter used is shown in Photo 1. According to klog:35917, resonance of the main laser PZT is observed above 80 kHz, and the resonance frequency of the sub-laser PZT is expected to be similar. Therefore, setting the UGF to 10 kHz is considered sufficiently safe. In addition, the PFD requires an input signal larger than 300 mVpp, whereas the current PLL beat signal (klog:36919) is only about 0.2 mVpp. Since amplification by more than a factor of 1000 would be required, the PFD is not suitable for use in the PLL system.
When a mixer was used instead of the PFD, the filter was designed in the same manner as for the PFD case, and PLL operation with a UGF of 10 kHz was successfully achieved. Furthermore, because the frequency of the actual beat signal fluctuates, an additional signal with an amplitude of 500 mVpp and a frequency of 100 mHz was applied to verify whether PLL operation could still be maintained under frequency fluctuations. This corresponds to a fluctuation of approximately 936 kHz. If the same filter used for the non-fluctuating case was applied directly, oscillation occurred. Therefore, one of the two integrators was turned off, and lock acquisition was achieved by turning the integrator on when the error signal frequency became sufficiently low.
[Kimura, Yasui, M. Takahashi and H. Sawada]
On May 25 and 26, as part of maintenance work on the cryogenic cooling units, we set up two valve units for the radiation shield cryo-coolers (EXC P-53 and EXC P-55).
Then we charged G-1 class helium gas into the helium commpressors (EXC P-53,EXC P-55) up to 15 bar.
$ lspci -nvvv | grep 10b5:9056 -A1For this reason, it did not appear that a model restart would resolve the issue, and it seemed that either a system reboot (a better case) or a power cycle of the I/O chassis (a worse case) would be necessary. So we asked commissioners to clear all SDF differences in the morning (klog#36948) and we started to recover it in this afternoon.
14:04.0 1180: 10b5:9056 (rev ff) (prog-if ff)
!!! Unknown header type 7f
--
16:04.0 1180: 10b5:9056 (rev ff) (prog-if ff)
!!! Unknown header type 7f
--
[Ikeda, Nakagaki, Oshino, YamaT]
K1IOO1 was able to be launched properly with a spare 100m fiber laid on the floor.
So, we finally concluded that malfunction and/or aging of a HIB cable is a cause.
Because the contact cleaner of cable terminals didn’t fix this problem, we plan to lay a new HIB cable between the server room and the IOO1 rack.
----
Preparation status of a recovery work:
Prospect of recovery
I expect 0.5~1 day for cabling work except at heights. It’s now still unclear when the technical staffs will be available and the aerial work platform can be used, but even if we can do so Thursday afternoon or Friday morning, it will likely take at least until the end of Friday or around noon on Monday.
Consideration about temporary measures until full restoration:
k1shutter (shutter control for main IR), k1alsfib (fiber noise cancelation) and k1psliss don't work at all now. So the shutter cannot be opened now. And also, according to Ushiba-kun, green lasers cannot be aligned because the offsets of the woofer PZTs from DAC are dead.
IR laser shutter can be opened by the local operation mode of the laser shutter circuit. Though a shutter operation remotely via EPICS cannot be done in this mode, IMC lock can be recovered. (Thanks to the hardware interlock, there should be no concern about laser safety). We can also change the output power from PSL room via HWP, so we can use main IR beam for some purposes by this operation. But I'm not sure the stability and noise level because ISS is still unavailable.
Regarding the PZT offset, we can use the 75V output from the Thorlabs(?) PZT driver instead of the 5V output from the DAC. (In my understanding, we normally use 5V offset output from DAC without any offset output from PZT driver.) Fine and remote alignment cannot be available, but rough alignment of green lasers should come back.
With Kenta Tanaka
We cleared the SFDs.
Memo
SR TM ICSINF had hodling values -10.657 for P and 29.068 for Y. We put these values at OFFSET of these filters and cleared the hold. (The offset switchs are kept at OFF.)
Later, we probably need to put these vaues to set flters.
I tried to perform the initial alignment, but I could not reach IRX_LOCKED. The initial TR_GRX was low, around 0.3. After manually adjusting the alignment, TR_GRX increased to about 0.6, and I requested IRX_LOCKED. However, the X arm still did not lock.
When the arm briefly approached the lock, the IR beam spots on ITMX and ETMX were clearly off from the center. I adjusted the ITMX and ETMX OPTICALIGN values to bring the IR beam closer to the centers, but the lock could not be established. Since the situation did not improve, I stopped the trial and restored the OPTICALIGN values of BSPR3, ITMX, and ETMX to the original values.
One possible issue is that the IR and GR axes were not well matched?
LOCK_ACQUISITION to MISALIGNED.LOCK_ACQUISITION to MISALIGNED.LOCK_ACQUISITION at first.K1:LSC-POP_PDA1_RF17_I_NORM_MON.LOCK_ACQUISITION to MISALIGNED.LOCK_ACQUISITION.I confirmed that FIB and PNC were locked as expected. I then requested IRX_LOCKED, but the lock was not acquired. The IR beam on ETMX was largely miscentered, and TR_GRX was only about 0.3.
I once set the initial alignment guardian to DOWN and manually adjusted PR3 to improve the GRX transmission:
(P, Y): (62.8, -28.1) → (56.8, -28.5)TR_GRX: about 0.3 → about 0.6After requesting IRX_LOCKED again, the lock was still not stable. When the beam was briefly visible during the lock trial, the IR beam was located around the upper-right side on ETMX and the lower-left side on ITMX. The displacement seemed to be mainly in yaw.
I then adjusted the ITMX and ETMX OPTICALIGN values:
(IXP, IXY, EXP, EXY): (5.0, -13.0, -9.5, -11.0) → (5.8, -16.5, -8.2, -11.8)TR_IRX was around 0.2 during such attempts.(5.8, -16.5, -10.0, -11.8).(5.8, -16.5, -7.0, -11.8); the TEM00 rate seemed slightly better.(7.1, -16.5, -8.3, -11.8) because the beam still looked slightly high on ETMX.Even after these adjustments, IRX_LOCKED could not be achieved. The lock attempts frequently ended up in non-TEM00 modes. This may indicate that the IR input axis, or the mismatch between the IR and GR axes, was the limiting issue?
I stopped the trial and restored the alignment values:
DOWN.OPTICALIGN: (IXP, IXY, EXP, EXY) = (5.0, -13.0, -9.5, -11.0).(P, Y) = (62.8, -28.1).I found some GAS filters are closing to the satuation values.
Do we need offload works?
Tanaka, Fujimoto
We found that IMC IP PZTs were applied strange offset during today's initial alignment. During initial alignment by ST students, IMC could not be locked because IMC alignment become worse. Whole we investigated the cause of the misalinment, we found the issue.
PZT offset value is set to the middle (75 V) of the range (0-150V). On the other hand, offset value seems to be changed two times recently, May 11th and April 22th respectively (fig.1). In the PZT2, the offset value was changed to the negative value (-22V). The PZT driver could not be receieved the negative value because the negative voltage will break the driver or PZT itself. Since PZT offsets are not changed automatically, they are changed by human.
Fortunately, we restored PZT offsets to nominal value, then IMC alignment was restored.
[Fujimoto, Tanaka, Takano]
We tried to lock DRMI for the first time since the last RSE trial. Several problems were found to be solved.
For the first time since the last RSE trial 6 years ago, we started the work on DRMI locking.
We realigned SRM and tried to lock DRMI in these ways:
After several hours of trial and error, we concluded that we need to develop effective locking strategies.
While thinking of strategies, we found these issues:
We confirmed that this offset disappeared when ITMX was in MISALIGNED_BF state. For SRM alignment using SRX or SRY, we should misalign ITMY or ITMX by MISALIGNED_BF, not MISALIGNED.
I performed initial alignment for XARM, YARM, and OMC. XARM required small ITMX and ETMX adjustments, and YARM required a BS adjustment. For OMC, I also adjusted OMMT1 a little.
PRM and ITMX were changed to MISALIGNED. I tried to check the SRC flash by changing SRM to ALIGNED, but no clear SRC flash was observed. SRM was then returned to MISALIGNED.
I confirmed that FIB and PNC were locked as expected, and opened all laser shutters.
For XARM, IRX_LOCKED and GRX_LOCKED_WITH_IRX were achieved. During ALIGNING_XARM, I adjusted ITMX and ETMX: (ITMX P, ITMX Y, ETMX P, ETMX Y) = (5.0, -12.5, -7.9, -9.1) to (5.0, -13.3, -7.9, -9.6). I then recorded the good values and offloaded the alignment.
For YARM, IRY_LOCKED and GRY_LOCKED_WITH_IRY were achieved. During ALIGNING_YARM, I adjusted BS: (P, Y) = (6.8, -38.5) to (5.8, -37.2). I then recorded the good values and offloaded the alignment.
PRM was changed to MISALIGNED_BF to increase the laser power, and the GRX and GRY shutters were closed.
I adjusted the OMMT1 alignment to make the beam position on OMMT2 QPD at center. The OMMT1 TM OPTICALIGN was changed from (P, Y) = (-24000, -4400) to (-25000, -4600). The QPD sum was about 8.
OSTM was changed to MISALIGNED_FOR_LOCK_ACQ to avoid unnecessary OMC flashes. I then changed the laser power by rotating the PSL HWP from 150 deg to 162 deg, and then returned it to 150 deg. The beam on the QPD was confirmed to be the IR beam.
OSTM was returned to LOCK_ACQUISITION, and PRM was returned to LOCK_ACQUISITION.
[Takano, Tanaka, Fujimoto]
While trying to lock the SRY on carrier resonance, we observed that the cavity occasionally locked to a dark state at transmission even though the sign of the feedback control had not been changed.
We found that this phenomenon is a carrier anti-resonant lock originating from the low finesse (~4) of the SRY and the FSR difference between the SRY and SRC.
While aligning the SRM for DRMI locking using carrier-locked SRY (ITMX: MISALIGNED_BF, PRM: MISALIGNED, Guardian: vertex/SRY_1F_LOCKED), we observed that the SRY transmission ports (REFL, POP, and AS) sometimes locked to the bright state (carrier resonant, Fig. 1), but occasionally locked to a dark (anti-resonant) state instead (Fig. 2).
Therefore, we investigated the origin of this dark lock.
Fig. 3 shows time-series data obtained during a cavity scan by applying an offset of 30000 to K1:VIS-PRM_TM_TEST_L_OFFSET.
The blue trace is the error signal (POP17-I), while the orange, green, and red traces are AS DC, POP DC, and REFL DC, respectively.
From the transmission resonance peaks and the error signal, it can be seen that an error signal with the same sign as the carrier resonant lock exists even at the anti-resonant point.
The same behavior is also reproduced in the analytical simulation (Fig. 4).
The origin of this anti-resonant error signal can be understood as follows.
Since the current cavity configuration is SRY, its FSR differs slightly from that of the SRC (FSR_{SRY}=2.20 MHz, FSR_{SRC}=2.25 MHz).
Therefore, when the carrier is resonant in the SRY, the f1 sidebands are shifted away from the perfect anti-resonant condition (= half-integer multiple of the FSR), corresponding to
f_1 = 7.68 * FSR_{SRY}.
In addition, the SRY is a low-finesse cavity (F~4) formed by (BS ⇒ ITMY ⇒ BS ⇒ SRM ⇒ BS).
As a result, when the carrier is anti-resonant, the f1 sidebands are located on the side lobe of the cavity resonance peak.
Therefore, fluctuations of the laser frequency or cavity length produce asymmetry in the amplitudes of the sidebands transmitted through the SRY and entering the POP RFPD, generating an AM sideband component.
This AM sideband component beats with the carrier transmitted through the anti-resonant SRY, producing an error signal even at the carrier anti-resonant point.
This is the origin of the SRY dark lock.
If we wants to avoid this dark lock in the SRY, the feedback loop can be enabled/disabled using a trigger based on the transmission power.
As an additional remark, if the sign of the feedback control is inverted, the cavity locks on the side lobe of the transmission peak (Fig. 5).
The reason why this control point is slightly shifted from the sideband resonance frequencies (carrier resonance frequency ± 0.32 MHz) is presumably that the carrier light acting as the local oscillator is located on the side lobe of its resonance, introducing an additional phase shift and effectively changing the optimal demodulation phase.
[Yu, Shingo, Dan]
We installed the new laser unit in the rack near the Pcal-Y Tx module. A shelf was first mounted in the rack to support the installation work, and then the laser unit was fixed in place. No power-on test or functional test was performed today.
Today, we installed a new laser unit in the rack near the Pcal-Y Tx module.
Before installing the laser unit, we mounted one shelf in the rack. This shelf was added to make the installation easier and to support the laser unit during the work.
After preparing the shelf, we placed the laser unit in the rack and fixed it mechanically.
Today's work was limited to fixing the laser unit in the rack. We did not perform any power-on test or other operational checks.
The laser head has not yet been installed in its final position and is still placed on top of the laser unit.
[Yu, Hido, Dan]
We tested whether a QPD placed behind the steering mirror in the Pcal Rx module can be used to monitor the Pcal beam position. The transmitted laser power behind the steering mirrors was measured to be ~0.7 mW, which is consistent with the expected order assuming less than 0.1% transmission. A QPD signal response was observed when the ETMX TM Y setpoint was changed.
During O4, the Pcal beam position was found to move over time. During weekly maintenance, we checked the beam position using the Tcam, and if the displacement was too large, the beam alignment was recovered using the pico-motors.
The Pcal beam position is the second largest factor contributing to the Pcal uncertainty. Proper treatment of the Pcal beam position is also one of the characteristic points of the KAGRA Pcal system. Therefore, we are trying to develop a beam position monitoring system. Ideally, we would like to monitor position changes of about ~+/-2 mm at the Rx side, which are difficult to detect clearly with the Tcam.
Also if we have this system, we can alwasy monitor it even during the IFO lock.
We measured the laser power behind the steering mirrors in the Rx module using a power meter.
These values are consistent with the expected order. Since the input laser power is about 1 W, 0.1% transmission would correspond to about 1 mW. However, 0.1% is the upper limit from the mirror specification, so a smaller transmitted power is reasonable.
The measured values will be used as a reference for designing the QPD setup to be installed.
We placed a QPD(PDQ80A) behind the Path 1 steering mirror. The signal was acquired using a KPA101.
We changed the ETMX TM Y setpoint as follows[urad]: -7.4 -> +20 -> -20 -> -7.4
The QPD output at the Rx module changed approximately as follows:
(X, Y) = (0, +0.1) -> (-0.6, -0.6) -> (+0.1, 0) -> (0, +0.1)
We confirmed that the QPD output changes in response to the motion of the TM.
In this test, no lens was placed in front of the QPD. Since the beam diameter is large, about 10 mm, it may be necessary to place a lens before the QPD in the final setup.
Due to limited time, today's test was limited to confirming that the QPD output responds to the TM motion even without a lens.
The transmitted power behind the Rx steering mirrors was measured and found to be reasonable. The QPD signal also showed a response to the ETMX TM Y motion. This result suggests that a QPD-based monitoring system behind the Rx steering mirror is a realistic option for monitoring Pcal beam position changes. Further work is needed to design the final QPD setup, including the possible use of a lens.
The estimated frequency noise induced by IMC suspensions is ~1 MHz peak-to-peak, which is inconsistent with the observed fluctuation of the beat note with the auxiliary laser. Other sources are suspicious.
During the PLL work, we have a feeling that it is hard to grab the linear range of the PLL signal because the beat note fluctuates a lot. Without anything, it moves O(MHz) in ten seconds and sometimes we saw a big jump in ~ 5 MHz. The error signal was almost always just white noise, and it seemed to be available for only a tiny moment (< 1 sec, ~ 0.1 sec?). We suspected that this fluctuation came from the main laser, because in these frequencies it follows IMC length and there are many resonant peaks of the IMC suspensions.
To verify this theory, I investigated the frequency noise using the calibrated channel: K1:CAL-CS_PROC_IMC_FREQUENCY is calibrated for the laser frequency fluctuation (up to a few kHz, according to Yamamoto-san). When IMC was locked to the laser frequency, I measured the PSD as attached, which indicates an RMS laser frequency fluctuation of ~160 kHz. Multiplying by a factor of 6, the peak-to-peak value of the fluctuation is ~ 1 MHz. This implies that other noise sources contribute to the beat note fluctuations. One possibility is phase noise induced by the suspensions, like the green lasers.
I also measured the PSD of the channel when MCL control was turned on after IMC was locked, i.e. both the laser frequency and MCL control were engaged. The RMS value was reduced to 11 kHz. But I'm not sure whether this value is an underestimation of the laser frequency fluctuation
I noticed a strange offset in POP17I used for locking SRY, as shown in the attached. It changed from -0.93 to 0.86 while SRY was freely swinging, so it was slightly off-centred. When locking the SRY using it, AS DC power increased to 0.005, while the maximum power when freely swinging was 0.007. It reached the maximum value when an offset was added to the error signal and it was locked around 0.17, not 0. Probably related to this offset, ADS didn't work well; when it was engaged after locking SRY without any offset on the error signal, AS DC power stayed the same, and nothing changed after tuning the offset.
Last week, we didn't see such an offset; SRY was locked to the carrier resonance without any offset tuning, and ADS seemed to work well. We need further investigation for stable locking of DRMI.
We confirmed that this offset disappeared when ITMX was in MISALIGNED_BF state. For SRM alignment using SRX or SRY, we should misalign ITMY or ITMX by MISALIGNED_BF, not MISALIGNED.
Sorry, I forgot to attach the figure 1.
With Shingo Hido
We performed initial alignment for XARM, YARM, and OMC using the initial alignment guardian. XARM was aligned only with ADS, while YARM required a small BS adjustment. We also confirmed the IR beam on the OMMT2 trans QPD and checked the SRC flash.
PRM was changed to MISALIGNED. SRM was already in MISALIGNED. We briefly changed SRM to ALIGNED and confirmed that the SRC flash was visible, then returned it to MISALIGNED. (fig_001)
We confirmed that FIB and PNC were locked as expected, and opened all laser shutters.
For XARM, IRX_LOCKED and GRX_LOCKED_WITH_IRX were achieved. Then we requested ALIGNING_XARM. No manual adjustment was needed, and the alignment was done only by ADS. We then recorded the good values and offloaded the alignment.
For YARM, IRY_LOCKED and GRY_LOCKED_WITH_IRY were achieved. During ALIGNING_YARM, we adjusted BS from (P, Y) = (9.6, -39.3) to (8.6, -38.3). We then recorded the good values and offloaded the alignment.
We followed the procedure in klog36759. PRM was changed to MISALIGNED_BF, and the GRX and GRY shutters were closed.
We tweaked the OMMT1 angle using coil-magnet actuators to adjusted the beam on the OMMT2 trans QPD. The OMMT1 TM OPTICALIGN was changed from (P, Y) = (-22800, -4200) to (-24000, -4400). The QPD sum was about 8.5.
OSTM was changed to MISALIGNED_FOR_LOCK_ACQ to avoid unnecessary OMC flashes. We then increased the laser power by rotating the PSL HWP from 151 deg to 162 deg, and then returned it to 151 deg. (fig_002) The IR laser power was therefore restored to the original 1 W. The beam on the QPD was confirmed to be the IR beam.
OSTM was returned to LOCK_ACQUISITION. We also checked the SRC flash by setting only ITMY to LOCK_ACQUISITION among Type-A suspensions, keeping the others MISALIGNED, and changing SRM to ALIGNED. The SRC flash was confirmed, and SRM was returned to MISALIGNED. (fig_003)
Finally, PRM was returned to LOCK_ACQUISITION.